Bank Fixed Deposit (FD)-What to do when depositor dies before maturity?

We all have Bank Fixed Deposit (FD), at least a one. However, have you ever thought of what will happen when depositor dies before maturity? Whether your nominees or family members know the rules?

Recently, one of my blog readers asked this question. His father had some Bank Fixed Deposit (FD). Recently, his father died. Therefore, this reader is in a dilemma of whether to inform the bank now itself and withdraw the money or he has to wait till maturity. Remember, this particular Bank Fixed Deposit (FD) was fixed at a higher interest rate than what it is available now.

Before understanding this common problem. First, let us understand the rights of a nominee in case of Bank Fixed Deposit (FD). It is very much important to appoint nominee in all your financial transactions. Otherwise, you may end up with cases like THIS. In the case of Bank Fixed Deposit (FD), below are the few rights of nominees.

  • Nominee acts like trust. He has no rights over the asset. He simply acts as a custodian and makes sure that the deposit must reach to a proper legal heir. However, he can claim the amount only when it is  specified under the will or if he inherits the money.
  • He is the contact person in case the depositor dies before maturity.
  • He has to submit the proof while claiming the amount.
  • The nominee must be an individual and one member. HUF, trust or societies can’t appoint nominees.
  • If you haven’t appointed nominee during creating Bank Fixed Deposit (FD), you can do so at a later stage too (but before maturity).

 

In how many ways, we can hold the Bank Fixed Deposit (FD)?

  • Joint holding with “Anyone or Survivor” option-This is the best way to deposit. Because, in a case of death of a first holder or joint holder, the survivor may claim the deposit easily. The survivor has to produce the death certificate to the bank. Upon receipt of the same, banks will delete the deceased person’s name and the FD will turn to be in the name of a survivor. In such a situation, the FD is continued as usual and not considered as a death of a depositor.
  • Joint holding with “Joint Holding” option-In such types of Bank Fixed Deposit (FD), the holding will be joint. All joint holder’s signature is a must to claim the deposit at maturity. In the event of a death of anyone holder, the surviving holder may claim the rights over deposit by producing the proper documents. In a case of death of both holders, then the money will be payable to a nominee.
  • Single holding with “Nomination” option-If depositor dies before maturity, then the maturity proceeds will be payable to a nominee (as a custodian or trust). At a later stage, the amount will be fixed based on the WILL or Succession Certificate.
  • Single holding without “Nomination” option-If there is no nomination, then the family members must produce the legal heir proof or a succession certificate to claim the amount. This is the most lengthy process.

The same scenarios are explained in below image when the depositor nominated someone.

Now what will happen if the depositor not nominated? The process will be difficult to claim for the survivors. The same is explained in below image.

Note-For simplification purpose, I created Mr.Z as legal heir of both Mr.A and Mr.B. However, in reality you may find different. In case of deposit without a nomination, the maturity will be payable to the legal heirs of deceased or  any one of them mandated by all the legal heirs.

Documents required to claim the Bank Fixed Deposit (FD) of the deceased person (when the nomination is there)

  • Claim Form-This is nothing but a letter to Bank stating that the depositor died and you are being a nominee, claiming the deposit. The format will be available with the Bank.
  • Death Certificate-You have to produce the death certificate issued by local authorities.
  • Proof of Address and Photo ID-You have to produce the address proof and photo identity of the nominee or the survivor.

Documents required to claim the Bank Fixed Deposit (FD) of the deceased person (when the nomination is not there)

  • Succession Certificate from Legal Heirs-You have to produce the succession certificate.
  • Indemnity Bond (format will be available with banks).

Whether to continue or withdraw the deposit?

After the death of a depositor, the nominee has two options. One is to continue the FD till maturity. Second is to withdraw it immediately. In the case of withdrawal, banks will not charge any penalty.

You can act according to the current interest rate cycle and the deposit interest rate. Suppose the FD interest rate is around 10% and currently the same bank offering FD at 8%, then it is better to continue the FD till maturity. If there is a reverse situation, then you can withdraw it.

How you receive the maturity amount?

Here RBI had provided two options and are as below.

a) The bank could be authorized by the survivor(s) / nominee of a deceased account holder to open an account styled as ‘Estate of Shri ________________, the Deceased’ where all the pipeline flows in the name of the deceased account holder could be allowed to be credited, provided no withdrawals are made.OR

  1. b) The bank could be authorized by the survivor(s) / nominee to return the pipeline flows to the remitter with the remark ‘Account holder deceased’ and to intimate the survivor(s) / nominee accordingly. The survivor(s) / nominee / legal heir(s) could then approach the remitter to effect payment through a negotiable instrument or through ECS transfer in the name of the appropriate beneficiary.

You notice that claiming deposit when there is no nomination is a hardship. Hence, to avoid this situation, always create FDs with a nomination. Hope this information will be helpful to all.

BasuNivesh

View Comments

  • Account holder had fd in force with son as nominee at the time of her passing. After maturity proceeds were transferred to savings account and savings account doesn't have any nominee. Can the nominee claim the maturity amount of fd later as fd nominee. Bank says that since amount has been transferred to savings account and it does not have any nominee s

    If after the passing of account holder, nominee doesn't claim the fd maturity amount and the proceeds goes to savings account which does doesn't have nominee registered then can the nominee claim the fd maturity amount as a fd nominee later if that amount is lying unclaimed in savings account? Thanks.

  • Hello - My father had a pension account and 2 FDs with my mother as nominee.. Since he passed away she put in claim to get the FD money (prior to its maturity in 2024). When we received the FD money we can see ahuge amount has been cut as penalty. Is that valid?

    • It cannot be valid if u chose tao continue the deposit till maturity.Since you closed the deposit before maturity the interet waill attract the fine as per terms & conditions.

  • Dear Sir

    My grandfather had a Fixed Deposit of Rs.60000/- which is opened 30 years and he had nominated by Mother as a nominee... We came to know by recently that the FD not yet withdrawn by mother. But we don't have FD receipt copy. But having FD account number. Whether we can able to claim it... Please helps us to know.

  • Hi Sir, my father had a FD in BOI (amount was deposited by court as a settlement amount) and he passed away recently, bank is denying to provide the FD amount to nominee and they are asking for a letter from the court, please help with the process

    • Nominations are clear and FD also matured but they are saying the amount is deposited by court(compensation amount given by government in one of the court case) and it will auto renew every 5 years until and unless they get a letter from court to release the amount

    • Dear Yogesh,
      When the FD is created, then why the court permission (especially if nominations are clear)?

  • Account holder is no more now, have two accounts 1. F.D. and 2. Savings account. F.D. have till to mature but interest on this account is credited quarterly to savings account. Savings account have much more balance, which doesn't get much interest.
    Please suggest me, can it possible to withdraw amount from Savings account and continue both the account till F.D. maturity?

    • Dear Popat,
      At first you have to update the status of death of account holder with the bank.

  • Hi sir,

    My mother passed away on june 18 2022.She hold a fixed deposit at govt of treasury. Fd tenure was for 10 years and its not matured. Iam the nominee of the deposit. The treasury dept asked to continue it till maturity. She was tax payee and Im also tax payee. Presently deposit is in her name and tax is being deducted from interest regularly. Whether tax is applicable to a deceased person's deposit? Byclosing deposit and to convert it into my name whether any penal charges will be deducted? Whether it can be continued in her name itself and while filing ITR whether refund can be claimed? Kindly explain

    • Dear Soja,
      Tax will be in the name of the deceased person up to the financial year in which she died. Afterwards it is your responsbility.

  • My father and mother's name was jointly on either or survivor account mode. Father has died in July 2022.he was senior citizen, getting interest rate 7% around on Fd. Now my mother(age 58) will be continue on account.. So i want to know... Will be she able to get the same interest rate on fd after deleting father's name on account??..as my mother doesn't come in senior citizens yet.. Either survivor me mother ko bhi 7% intereste milega ki kam ho jayega ? ? Plzz tell me

  • My uncle passed away on 2015, we found he had some fixed deposits (Bank of India ) which were auto renewed. We transfeered them to my aunty account as she was nominee but the bank deducted the interest earned afted 2015.
    Is there any rule.

  • Hello sir
    My husband took a home loan from sbi and secured it by sbi life .after 2 months he had stomach pain which diagnosed as cancer..after 1.5 year he had passed away. Sbi life denied to settled the loan by saying that we don't tell the fact at the time of taking loan. What can I do in this situation?

  • I have a question.
    In case there is no nominee, but there is a registered will, can the bank ask for probate for fixed deposits if they are not in Mumbai, Chennai or Kolkata (that properties, both movable and immovable are in Pune)?
    As I understand, probate is not required outside Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata.
    The maturity amount is more than Rs. 5 lakh.

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